Comparative study of physical-chemical properties of bioactive glass ionomer cement.

This study analyzed the physical-chemical properties of bioactive ionomer materials. Cention N bioactive materials were evaluated chemically activated (CN) and light-cured (CN-LC), Equia Forte Fill (EQUI); conventional resin composite Filtek Z350 XT (Z350); resin glass ionomer cement Riva light Cure (RIVA) and flowable resin composite Filtek Bulk Fill Flow (BULK-F) were evaluated. Sixty specimens (n=10) were prepared for sorption (SR), solubility (SL), flexural strength (FS), shrinkage stress (SS), conversion degree (CD), microhardness (MI), and surface roughness (SR) tests. Non-cured and light-cured materials were assessed on FTIR. 30 human molar teeth were used in the bond strength test (BS). Data were subjected to ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey's test (5% of significance). EQUI showed more sorption in SR and no statistical difference from RIVA and CN-LC. CN group showed more solubility and EQUI presented less (p<0.05). BULK-F showed higher FS (MPa), without differences from CN and Z350, whereas EQUI presented the lowest FS not differing from RIVA. BULK-F and CN-LC showed more shrinkage stress differing from EQUI. CN-LC and CN showed higher CD differing from the other which showed no differences (p>0.05) between them. EQUI showed the highest hardness (p<0.05) in MI. There were no differences (p>0.05) in SR (µm). Z350 and BULK-F presented higher BS, whereas CN-LC showed the lowest, although not differing from EQUI and RIVA. Equia Forte's solubility and microhardness make it a good alternative as a restorative material. Cention N degree of conversion and flexural strength making it an esthetic option to amalgam.

Comparative study of physical-chemical properties of bioactive glass ionomer cement

Abstract This study analyzed the physical-chemical properties of bioactive ionomer materials. Cention N bioactive materials were evaluated chemically activated (CN) and light-cured (CN-LC), Equia Forte Fill (EQUI); conventional resin composite Filtek Z350 XT (Z350); resin glass ionomer cement Riva light Cure (RIVA) and flowable resin composite Filtek Bulk Fill Flow (BULK-F) were evaluated. Sixty specimens (n=10) were prepared for sorption (SR), solubility (SL), flexural strength (FS), shrinkage stress (SS), conversion degree (CD), microhardness (MI), and surface roughness (SR) tests. Non-cured and light-cured materials were assessed on FTIR. 30 human molar teeth were used in the bond strength test (BS). Data were subjected to ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey's test (5% of significance). EQUI showed more sorption in SR and no statistical difference from RIVA and CN-LC. CN group showed more solubility and EQUI presented less (p<0.05). BULK-F showed higher FS (MPa), without differences from CN and Z350, whereas EQUI presented the lowest FS not differing from RIVA. BULK-F and CN-LC showed more shrinkage stress differing from EQUI. CN-LC and CN showed higher CD differing from the other which showed no differences (p>0.05) between them. EQUI showed the highest hardness (p<0.05) in MI. There were no differences (p>0.05) in SR (µm). Z350 and BULK-F presented higher BS, whereas CN-LC showed the lowest, although not differing from EQUI and RIVA. Equia Forte's solubility and microhardness make it a good alternative as a restorative material. Cention N degree of conversion and flexural strength making it an esthetic option to amalgam.

Resumo Este estudo analisou as propriedades físico-químicas dos materiais de ionômero bioativo. Os materiais bioativos Cention N quimicamente ativados (CN) e fotopolimerizados (CN-LC), Equia Forte Fill (EQUI); resina composta convencional Filtek Z350 XT (Z350); resina de ionômero de vidro Riva light Cure (RIVA) e resina composta fluida Filtek Bulk Fill Flow (BULK-F) foram avaliados. Sessenta espécimes (n=10) foram preparados para testes de sorção (SR), solubilidade (SL), resistência à flexão (FS), tensão de contração (SS), grau de conversão (CD), microdureza (MI) e rugosidade da superfície (SR). Os materiais não curados e curados com luz foram avaliados por FTIR. 30 dentes molares humanos foram usados no teste de resistência de união (BS). Os dados foram submetidos a ANOVA e teste de post-hoc Tukey (5% de significância). O EQUI apresentou maior sorção no SR e não mostrou diferença estatística em relação aos grupos RIVA e CN-LC. O grupo CN apresentou maior solubilidade e o EQUI apresentou menor (p<0,05). O BULK-F apresentou maior FS (MPa), sem diferir do CN e do Z350, enquanto o EQUI apresentou o menor FS, não diferindo do RIVA. O BULK-F e o CN-LC apresentaram maior estresse de contração, diferindo do EQUI. O CN-LC e o CN apresentaram maior CD (%), diferindo dos demais, que não apresentaram diferenças (p>0,05) entre si. A EQUI apresentou a maior dureza (p<0,05) no MI. Não houve diferenças (p>0,05) na SR (µm). Z350 and BULK-F apresentaram BS, enquanto a CN-LC apresentou a menor, embora não diferindo da EQUI e da RIVA. A solubilidade e a microdureza do Equia Forte o tornam uma boa alternativa como material restaurador. O grau de conversão e a resistência à flexão do Cention N o tornam uma opção estética ao amálgama.

Assessing the bleaching effect of an experimental stabilized chlorine dioxide agent used for internal bleaching purposes

Aim Assessing the intracoronal bleaching effectiveness of an experimental chlorine dioxide product, based on the walking bleach technique. Methods Extracted bovine incisors were artificially stained with bovine blood and filled with zinc phosphate cement at cementoenamel junction level. Teeth were divided into 3 groups (n=10): (SP) sodium perborate added with distilled water, (CD) chlorine dioxide and (C) control - dry cotton inserted into the pulp chamber. Bleaching agents were used at 0, 7 and 14 days. VITA Easyshadetm (∆Eab) was used to analyze tooth color at the 7th, 14th and 21st days, based on the CIE2000 system. Data were analyzed through ANOVA and Tukey's test. Results There were no statistically significant differences in Δb, ΔE, ΔE00 and ΔWID between CD and the control group. These parameters have shown significant differences between CD and SP, which differed from the control. However, they did not show significant differences either in the control group or in CD at the 7th, 14th and 21st days. Values recorded for SP at the 7th day differed from those recorded at the 14th and 21st days. Δa has shown differences within the same group at the 7th, 14th and 21st days. There was no difference between groups, when they were compared at the same day (7th and 14th). The control group differed from SP at the 21st day. CD did not differ from the other two groups. ΔL did not show differences between groups and times. Conclusion Stabilized chlorine dioxide (0.07%, at pH 3.5) should not be used as intracoronal bleaching agent along with the walking bleach technique.

Evaluation of Removal Force in Prosthetic Components of Morse Taper Dental Implants.

The longevity of prosthetic rehabilitation is determined by the stability of the implant and abutment interfaces. True morse taper connections on dental restorations have been effective, however activation force still empirical. This work compared the activation strength and internal contact of Morse taper system according to the removal force. Eighty sets, composed of implants and prosthetic abutments, were evaluated with different internal contact areas; 15.12mm2 (G3.3) and 21.25mm2 (G4.3). The specimens were activated at 0° and 30°, with loads of 10, 20, 40 and 60N. The specimens were submitted to tensile test and the data to ANOVA and Tukey's tests (α=0.05). Representative specimens were examined under SEM. Removal force of G3.3 (2.15±1.33MPa) did not differed to G4.3 (1.99±1.03MPa). The activation at 0º (2.95±0.98MPa) statistically differed to 30º (1.19±0.54MPa). The 60N load was statistically superior for G3.3 and there was no statistical difference between 20N to 60N in G4.3. The values of 10N at 30o and 20N at the long axis of the morse taper implant, independent of the frictional contact area showed the best settlement.

Evaluation of Removal Force in Prosthetic Components of Morse Taper Dental Implants

Abstract The longevity of prosthetic rehabilitation is determined by the stability of the implant and abutment interfaces. True morse taper connections on dental restorations have been effective, however activation force still empirical. This work compared the activation strength and internal contact of Morse taper system according to the removal force. Eighty sets, composed of implants and prosthetic abutments, were evaluated with different internal contact areas; 15.12mm2 (G3.3) and 21.25mm2 (G4.3). The specimens were activated at 0° and 30°, with loads of 10, 20, 40 and 60N. The specimens were submitted to tensile test and the data to ANOVA and Tukey's tests (α=0.05). Representative specimens were examined under SEM. Removal force of G3.3 (2.15±1.33MPa) did not differed to G4.3 (1.99±1.03MPa). The activation at 0º (2.95±0.98MPa) statistically differed to 30º (1.19±0.54MPa). The 60N load was statistically superior for G3.3 and there was no statistical difference between 20N to 60N in G4.3. The values of 10N at 30o and 20N at the long axis of the morse taper implant, independent of the frictional contact area showed the best settlement.

Resumo A longevidade da reabilitação protética é determinada pela estabilidade das interfaces implante e pilar. Conexões de cone Morse em restaurações dentárias têm se mostrado eficazes, porém a força de ativação ainda é empírica. Este trabalho comparou a força de ativação e contato interno do sistema cone Morse de acordo com a força de remoção. Oitenta conjuntos, compostos por implantes e pilares protéticos, foram avaliados com diferentes áreas de contato interno; 15,12mm2 (G3.3) e 21,25mm2 (G4.3). Os corpos-de-prova foram ativados a 0° e 30°, com cargas de 10, 20, 40 e 60N. Os corpos de prova foram submetidos ao ensaio de tração e os dados aos testes ANOVA e Tukey (α=0,05). Espécimes representativos foram examinados em MEV. A força de deslocamento do G3.3 (2,15±1,33MPa) não diferiu do G4.3 (1,99±1,03MPa). A ativação a 0º (2,95±0,98MPa) diferiu estatisticamente para 30º (1,19±0,54MPa). A carga de 60N foi estatisticamente superior para G3.3 e não houve diferença estatística entre 20N a 60N no G4.3. Os valores de 10N em 30o e 20N no longo eixo do implante cone morse, independente da área de contato friccional apresentaram o melhor assentamento.

Brix-3000 as a Preventive Measure in Aerosol Production against Covid-19: Case Report / Utilização do gel Enzimático Brix-3000 Como Medida Preventiva na Produção de Aerossóis Frente à Covid-19: Relato de Caso

In 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic due to a new virus, known as SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). Faced with exposure to cross-contamination due to the use of aerosols from rotary instruments, saliva, and nasopharyngeal secretions, health professionals had to explore alternative methods for removing decayed tissue, such as BRIX-3000, a papain-based enzymatic gel used for the chemical-mechanical removal of infected decayed tissue using manual instruments, with the aim of reducing the risk of contamination for the dental team. Thus, this paper aims to report a clinical case, using the BRIX-3000 in the removal of carious tissue. An 8 year-old patient complained of sensitivity in teeth 55 and 65, and was proposed removal of decayed tissue by means of chemical-mechanical removal. The procedure was performed without anesthesia, under relative isolation. The enzymatic gel was taken to the cavity following the manufacturer's directions, and after 1 minute the infected tissue was removed by curettage. Then the cavity was prepared, using cotton for washing and drying, avoiding the triple syringe and the formation of aerosols. Glass ionomer was used as a provisional material. It can be concluded that the papain-based enzymatic gel had great efficacy in removing decayed tissue, besides reducing aerosolization and, thus, contamination, making clinical care safer against the spread of infectious and contagious diseases, before the Covid-19 pandemic. (AU)

Em 2020, a Organização Mundial da Saúde declarou uma pandemia devido a um novo vírus, conhecido como SARS-CoV-2 (Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave Coronavírus 2). Frente à exposição de uma contaminação cruzada, devido à utilização de aerossóis advindos dos instrumentos rotatórios, salivas e secreções da nasofaringe, os profissionais da saúde precisaram explorar métodos alternativos para remoção do tecido cariado, como no caso o BRIX-3000, um gel enzimático a base de papaína, utilizado na remoção químico-mecânica do tecido cariado infectado, por meio de instrumentos manuais, com o objetivo de diminuir o risco de contaminação da equipe odontológica. Posto isto, esse trabalho visa relatar um caso clínico, utilizando o BRIX-3000 na remoção do tecido cariado. Paciente, 8 anos, procurou atendimento queixando-se de sensibilidade nos elementos dentais 55 e 65. Foi proposto a remoção do tecido cariado por meio da remoção químico-mecânica. O procedimento foi realizado sem anestesia, sob isolamento relativo. O gel enzimático foi levado a cavidade seguindo as orientações do fabricante, decorridos 1 minuto iniciou-se a remoção do tecido infectado por meio de curetagem. Em seguida a cavidade foi preparada, utilizando algodão para lavagem e secagem, evitando a seringa tríplice e a formação de aerossóis. Como material provisório utilizou-se o ionômero de vidro. Diante do caso, pode-se concluir-se que o gel enzimático a base de papaína teve grande eficácia na retirada do tecido cariado, além de reduzir a aerossolização e, assim, a contaminação, tornando o atendimento clínico mais seguro contra a disseminação de doenças infectocontagiosas, frente a pandemia da Covid-19. (AU)

Reabilitação estética anterior associando cirurgia periodontal com laminados cerâmicos: relato de caso / Anterior aesthetic rehabilitation associating periodontal surgery with ceramic laminates: case report

Objetivo: Este trabalho teve como objetivo relatar um caso de reabilitação estética através de laminados cerâmicos e cirurgia periodontal como forma de tratamento para a agenesia do elemento dental 22 e sorriso gengival associado à retração labial. Relato do Caso: Paciente, gênero feminino procurou a Clínica Multidisciplinar da Unipar (Sede/Umuarama) relatando insatisfação com a harmonia estética do sorriso, apresentando coroas curtas e agenesia do elemento dental 22. Com base na anatomia do contorno gengival, foi indicada cirurgia de gengivectomia (bisel interno com osteotomia) para a região ântero-superior. Através do enceramento diagnóstico projetou-se o aumento de coroa clínica, obtendo-se assim uma guia, que foi utilizado para a realização do ensaio diagnóstico intrabucal, mock-up, e auxílio na cirurgia periodontal. Após 60 dias a paciente foi encaminhada para a realização dos procedimentos restauradores com a confecção de laminados cerâmicos. Conclusão: Pôde-se concluir através dos resultados clínicos obtidos, que a atuação multidisciplinar devolveu a harmonia estética do sorriso e melhora na qualidade de vida da paciente(AU)

Objective: The aim of this study was to report a case of aesthetic rehabilitation through laminates and periodontal surgery as a form of treatment for the dental element agenesis 22 and gummy smile associated with lip retraction. Case Report: Patient, female gender, came to the Clinic Multidisciplinary of Unipar (head office/Umuarama) reporting dissatisfaction with the smile aesthetic harmony, with short crown and dental element agenesis. Based on gingival contour anatomy, a gingivectomy surgery (inner bevel with osteotomy) was indicated for the anterossuperior region. The increase in clinical crown was projected by the termination of diagnosis, thereby a guide, that it was used for the realization of the intra-oral diagnostic test mock-up, and support at the periodontal surgery. After 60 days the patient referred for the performance of restorative procedures with the making of laminates. Conclusion: It was concluded through clinical results obtained, that the multidisciplinary action gave her the smile aesthetic harmony back and improvement in quality of life(AU)

Use of BRIX-3000 Enzymatic Gel in Mechanical Chemical Removal of Caries: Clinical Case Report / Utilização do Gel Enzimático BRIX-3000 na Remoção Químico Mecânica da Cárie: Relato de Caso Clínico

Less traumatic alternative methods for removal of decayed tissue has been developed. A non-invasive technique, which consists of applying a proteolytic substance that softens the infected dentin tissue and preserves healthy tooth tissue was released in the market. Thus, this work intended to describe a clinical case of caries removal using BRIX-3000 papaine-based enzymatic gel. A 6-year-old male patient attend to a Univesity Dental Clinic complaining of painful sensitivity during mastication. After examination, acute deep carious lesion was found in dental elements 64 and 65. The caries removal procedure was performed for both teeth without anesthesia, under relative isolation, following the principles of atraumatic restorative treatment - ART. The gel was taken into the cavity and leaved to act for 2 minutes and the infected tissue was excavated. Caries lesion was then detected below the OM cusp with undercut enamel, needing to enlarge the cavity in the occlusal region with rotating cutting instruments and reapply the gel. After the second application, all the infected tissue had been removed and the teeth restoration with chemical ionomer cement was performed. At the end of the treatment, the discomfort during the performed procedure was asked to the patient using the Wong-Baker Face Scale. The child pointed to score 1, indicating mild pain for both treatments. It can be concluded that the use of enzymatic papaine gel-based was an efficient alternative for caries removal, easy to use, and preserve to the maximum the dental structure healthy, showing promise to be used as atraumatic caries removal technique.

Métodos alternativos menos traumáticos para remoção de cárie vem sendo desenvolvidos. Uma técnica não invasiva, que consite na aplicação de uma substância proteolítica que amolece a dentina infectada e preserva o tecido dental hígido foi lançado no mercado. Sendo assim, este trabalho visa relatar um caso clínico de remoção da lesão de cárie através do gel enzimático a base de papaína, BRIX-3000. Paciente do gênero masculino, 6 anos, compareceu à Clínica Odontológica Universitária com queixa de sensibilidade dolorosa durante a mastigação. Após avaliação, constatou-se lesão cariosa profunda aguda nos elementos dentais 64 e 65. O procedimento de remoção de cárie foi realizado sem anestesia e sob isolamento relativo, seguindo os princípios do tratamento restaurador atraumático (ART). O gel foi levado à cavidade, deixado agir por 2 minutos e realizado a escavação do tecido infectado. Foi detectado lesão de cárie abaixo da cúspide OM com esmalte socavado, necessitando de ampliação da cavidade na região oclusal com instrumentos cortantes rotatórios e reaplicação do gel. Após a segunda aplicação, todo o tecido infectado foi removido e realizada a restauração dos dentes com cimento de ionômero químico. Ao final do tratamento, foi aplicado a escala de faces de Wong-Baker. A criança apontou score 1, indicando dor leve para ambos os tratamentos. Pôde-se concluir que a utilização do gel enzimático a base de papaína é uma alternativa eficiente para remoção do tecido cariado, de fácil utilização, preservando ao máximo a estrutura dental sadia, sendo promissor para ser utilizado na técnica atraumática de remoção da cárie.

Evaluation of physico-chemical and mechanical properties of MTA-based root canal sealer

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the setting times (ST), flow (FW), radiopacity (RP), dimensional stability (DS), solubility (SB), and polymerization stress (PS) of the MTA Fillapex and AH Plus root canal sealers. Methods: The above qualities were tested according to ISO 6876/2001 standardization. The water used in the dimensional stability test was evaluated to verify the presence of released materials. For the photoelastic analysis, 20 photoelastic resin rings were prepared, and the root canal sealers were inserted. After 24 hours, the specimens were analyzed in a Polariscope. Data of the setting times, flow tests, radiopacity, dimensional stability, and solubility tests were submitted to a Kolgomorov­Smirnov test and then to a Student's t-test at the 5% significance level. Results: The data derived from photoelastic analyses were submitted to an ANOVA and Tukey's test with a significance level of 5%. MTA Fillapex and AH Plus complied with ISO 6876/2001. However, there were significant differences (p < 0.05) between the two cements for ST, FW, RP, DS, and SB. MTA Fillapex showed higher FW, SB, and PS when compared with AH Plus. Conclusions: MTA Fillapex and AH Plus complied with ISO 6876/2001 in terms of ST, FW, RP, DS, and SB. MTA Fillapex showed higher PS when compared to AH Plus

Influência de agentes antioxidantes na resistência de união de substratos clareados / Influence of antioxidants on bond strength of bleached dental substrates

A busca pela estética tem levado muitos pacientes ao consultório odontológico, sendo o clareamento de dentes vitais alternativa não invasiva, quando comparado à microabrasão, facetas e coroas, além de proporcionar elevado índice de sucesso para o tratamento de dentes escurecidos. Porém, há necessidade de espera de 14-21 dias para a realização de novas restaurações após o clareamento, uma vez que o efeito oxidante nos tecidos dentários pode gerar alterações estruturais no esmalte e redução da resistência de união. Este intervalo de tempo muitas vezes, não condiz com a expectativa dos pacientes, gerando insatisfação. Diante disso, estudos têm sido conduzidos com o objetivo de minimizar ou até mesmo anular o efeito adverso do oxigênio residual, possibilitando a execução pós-clareamento de restaurações adesivas com segurança e eficácia, reduzindo o tempo de espera. Uma das alternativas tem sido a utilização de agentes antioxidantes. Sendo assim, esse trabalho teve como objetivo revisar a literatura em relação aos agentes antioxidantes utilizados, bem como a eficácia dos mesmos na resistência adesiva de materiais restauradores ao substrato dental clareado. Esta revisão foi realizada através de buscas por artigos científicos, em bases de dados como Scielo, Pubmed/ Medline e Cochrane Library, sem limitação de data. Foram abrangidos, no estudo, trabalhos que envolvessem os temas "clareamento dental", "clareadores", "esmalte dentário", "dentina", "antioxidantes" e "resistência à tração", buscando analisar sua relevância clínica e científica. Avaliações que não se enquadravam no assunto principal e respectivos itens avaliados foram excluídas da revisão. Concluiu-se que a utilização de compostos antioxidantes, como o ascorbato de sódio 10% (gel e solução), proantocianidinas, catalase, chá verde 10% e alfa-tocoferol tem demonstrado efetividade na reversão dos valores de resistência de união ao esmalte clareado quando aplicados por 10 minutos (ascorbato em solução e proantocianidinas), 20 minutos (catalase), 60 minutos (chá verde, ascorbato gel e alfa-tocoferol), após o clareamento.

The search for esthetic has led many patients to the dental office, becoming the whitening of vital teeth a noninvasive alternative when compared to microabrasion, veneers and crowns, besides providing high success rate for the treatment of discolored teeth. However, there is a necessity to wait for 14-21 days to carry out new restorations after bleaching, since the oxidizing effect on dental tissues can cause structural changes in the enamel and reduction of bond strength. This time interval often does not match the expectations of patients, causing dissatisfaction. In view of this, studies have been conducted in order to minimize or even cancel the adverse effect of residual oxygen, enabling the post-bleaching performance of adhesive restorations safely and effectively, reducing the waiting time. One of the alternatives has been the use of antioxidant agents. Thus, this study aimed to review the literature in relation to the antioxidant agents used as well as their effectiveness in bond strength of restorative dental materials to the bleached substrates. This review was performed by searching for scientific articles in databases such as Scielo, PubMed / Medline and Cochrane Library, without limitation of date. It was included in the study, researches involving the themes "Tooth whitening", "Bleaching agents", "Enamel", "Dentin", "Antioxidants" and "Tensile Strength", searching to analyze its clinical and scientific relevance. The assessments that did not fit the main subject and adjacent items evaluated were excluded from the review. It can be concluded that the use of antioxidant compounds, such as 10% sodium ascorbate (gel and solution), proanthocyanidins, catalase, 10% green tea and alpha-tocopherol, have shown effectiveness in reversion of the bond strength values to bleached enamel when applied for 10 minutes (ascorbate solution and proanthocyanidins), 20 minutes (catalase), 60 minutes (green tea, gel ascorbate and alpha-tocopherol), after bleaching.

Prótese Adesiva à Base de Compósito Reforçado por Fibra de Vidro como Opção Estética para Perda de Elemento Dental Posterior ­ Relato de Caso / Fiber-Reinforced Composite-Based Adhesive Prosthesis as Esthetic Option for Loss of Posterior Tooth - Case Report

Com advento das resinas compostas de segunda geração que apresentam características mecânicas e estéticas superiores às das resinas convencionais, principalmente com relação a resistência à abrasão, surge a possibilidade de utilizá-las associadas a fibras, como o sistema da Ivoclar Targis/Vectris. O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar a confecção de uma prótese adesiva livre de metal, como resolução protética para a substituição do elemento dental 35, ausente. Paciente M.A.S., 38 anos, sexo feminino, buscou tratamento restaurador por motivo de estética e necessidade de substituição das restaurações antigas. Após anamnese, exame clínico, exame radiográfico e exame dos modelos de estudo, foi proposta a reposição do elemento dental 35, através de prótese adesiva confeccionada em cerômero (Sistema Targis/Vectris. Foi realizado um repreparo do tipo onlay no elemento dental 34 e repreparo para coroa total do dente 36. Após o término dos preparos, foi feita a moldagem utilizando-se a técnica da dupla moldagem e confecção da restauração provisória, envolvendo os três elementos com resina acrílica. Na segunda sessão, a peça protética foi cimentada, a oclusão verificada e ajustada. Uma vez que os cerômeros têm boa resistência de união e semelhante à das cerâmicas, além de apresentarem caraterísticas mecânicas muito semelhantes à estrutura dental, eles conseguem atuar de forma satisfatória na distribuição das cargas oclusais em dentes posteriores. Assim, pode-se concluir que as restaurações livres de metal são ótimas alternativas para proporcionar à paciente uma melhora estética e funcional, além de integridade das margens e do periodonto, estabilidade estrutural, retenção e resistência da restauração.

With advent of second generation composite resins that showed superior mechanical and esthetic characteristics when compared to the conventional resins, particularly regarding abrasion resistance, they can be used in association with fibers, such as the Ivoclar Targis/Vectris system. The objective of this study was to develop a metal free adhesive denture as prosthetic resolution to replace the missed dental element 35. Patient M.A.S., 38 years-old, female, looked for restorative treatment due to esthetic reasons and need for replacement of old restorations. After anamnesis, clinical, radiographic, and study models examination, the replacement of the dental element 35 through ceromer adhesive prosthesis (Targis-Vectris system) was proposed. The dental element 34 was re-prepared for onlay, and the tooth 36 re-prepared for a total crown. Impression was made using double impression technique, and a 3-element temporary restoration with acrylic resin was made. At the second session, the prosthetic restoration was cemented, and the occlusion checked and adjusted. Ceromers have bond strength similar to ceramics and mechanical characteristics close to teeth, which makes a satisfactory force distribution of the occlusal load on posterior teeth. Thus, it can be concluded that ceromer restorations can be excellent alternatives to provide the patient esthetic and function, besides the marginal and periodontium integrity, structural stability, retention, and restoration strength.

Bond strength and morphology of resin materials applied to the occlusal surface of primary molars.

BACKGROUND: Hydrophilic adhesives may be used as pit and fissure sealants (sealants), but there is concern about the ability of self-etching adhesives to bond sealants to enamel. AIM: To study the bond strength (BS) and morphology of adhesive systems used as sealants. DESIGN: OptiBond FL, OptiBond All-in-One, combined OptiBond All-in-One+OptiBond FL adhesive, and Fluroshield were applied to the occlusal surfaces of 16 primary molars (n = 4). Teeth were stored in distilled water (24 h at 37°C) and sectioned through the interface to obtain sticks (0.8 mm(2) ) tested under a tensile load (0.5 mm/min). Failure modes were observed. Data were analysed by ANOVA and Tukey's tests (α = 5%). The morphology of 12 primary molars was examined in terms of the etching pattern and resin reproduction. RESULTS: Differences in the BS were found (P = 0.001), with OptiBond FL showing the highest (36.84 ± 5.7 MPa), Fluroshield (24.26 ± 2.13 MPa) and OptiBond All-in-One (17.12 ± 4.97 MPa) similar, and OptiBond All-in-One + OptiBond FL adhesive the lowest (9.8 ± 2.94 MPA). OptiBond FL showed the best results in terms of morphology. CONCLUSION: Under the conditions of this study, OptiBond FL was the best material to be used for sealing.

Bond strength of HEMA-containing versus HEMA-free self-etch adhesive systems to dentin.

This study analyzed the bond strength (BS) of HEMA versus HEMA-free self-etch adhesive systems to dentin. The occlusal surface of 20 third molars was removed and the dentin was abraded with 600-grit silicon carbide paper. The teeth were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n = 5) and restored with GO, Adper SE Plus, OptiBond All-In-One, and Clearfil 3S Bond adhesive systems and Filtek Z350 composite. After light curing (600 mW/cm²), the teeth were stored in distilled water at 37 ºC for 24 h and were sectioned in the mesiodistal and buccolingual directions to obtain sticks (0.8 mm²). The sticks were subjected to tensile force using a universal testing machine (0.5 mm/min), and the modes of failure were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and classified as adhesive, cohesive, or mixed. The BS data (in MPa) were treated using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests at 5% significance. GO presented the lowest mean bond strength value (10.57 ± 3.72) and differed significantly from the other materials (p = 0.001), which, in turn, presented statistically similar results (p>0.05) among themselves: Adper SE Plus (29.08 ± 8.93), OptiBond All-In-One (28.36 ± 6.49), and Clearfil 3S Bond (28.62 ± 6.97). Mixed fractures were the most prevalent. It was concluded that the influence of HEMA on BS to dentin was material dependent.

Bond strength of HEMA-containing versus HEMA-free self-etch adhesive systems to dentin

This study analyzed the bond strength (BS) of HEMA versus HEMA-free self-etch adhesive systems to dentin. The occlusal surface of 20 third molars was removed and the dentin was abraded with 600-grit silicon carbide paper. The teeth were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n=5) and restored with GO, Adper SE Plus, OptiBond All-In-One, and Clearfil 3S Bond adhesive systems and Filtek Z350 composite. After light curing (600 mW/cm²), the teeth were stored in distilled water at 37ºC for 24 h and were sectioned in the mesiodistal and buccolingual directions to obtain sticks (0.8 mm²). The sticks were subjected to tensile force using a universal testing machine (0.5 mm/min), and the modes of failure were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and classified as adhesive, cohesive, or mixed. The BS data (in MPa) were treated using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s tests at 5% significance. GO presented the lowest mean bond strength value (10.57 ± 3.72) and differed significantly from the other materials (p=0.001), which, in turn, presented statistically similar results (p>0.05) among themselves: Adper SE Plus (29.08 ± 8.93), OptiBond All-In-One (28.36 ± 6.49), and Clearfil 3S Bond (28.62 ± 6.97). Mixed fractures were the most prevalent. It was concluded that the influence of HEMA on BS to dentin was material dependent.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resistência de união (RU) de adesivos autocondicionantes com e sem HEMA à dentina. A superfície oclusal de 20 terceiros molares foi removida e a dentina abrasionada com lixa de carbeto de silício de granulação 600. Em seguida, os dentes foram divididos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos (n=5) e restaurados com os sistemas adesivos Go, Adper SE Plus, OptiBond All-In-One ed Clearfil 3S Bond e resina composta Filtek Z350. Após fotoativação (600 mW/cm²), eles foram armazenados em água destilada (37ºC/24 h) e secionados nas direções mésio-distal e vestíbulo-lingual, para obter corpos-de-prova em formato de palito (0,8 mm²). Os palitos foram tracionados em máquina de ensaio universal com velocidade de 0,5 mm/min, e os modos de fratura observados em microscópio eletrônico de varredura e classificados em adesiva, coesiva ou mista. Os dados de RU (em MPa) foram analisados estatisticamente por ANOVA a um critério e teste de Tukey com nível de significância de 5%. A menor RU foi observada para o adesivo GO (10,57 ± 3,72) (p=0,001). Adper SE Plus (29,08 ± 8,93), OptiBond All-In-One (28,36 ± 6,49) e Clearfil 3S Bond (28,62 ± 6,97) foram estatisticamente semelhantes entre si (p>0.05). Fraturas mistas predominaram nos grupos. Concluiu-se que a influência do HEMA na RU foi material-dependente.

An evaluation of the expression profiles of salivary proteins lactoferrin and lysozyme and their association with caries experience and activity / Avaliação do padrão de expressão das proteínas salivares lactoferrina e lisozima e sua associação com experiência e atividade de cárie

Purpose: Saliva contains both specific and non-specific protective factors of the immune system, such as antimicrobial proteins, which can inhibit the adhesion and viability of cariogenic microorganisms. The association between caries experience/activity and the electrophoretic profiles of salivary proteins lactoferrin and lysozyme was evaluated. Methods: Eighty 12-year-old students from public schools in Londrina, PR, Brazil, were selected and divided into two groups: Group A - with decayed teeth and Group B - with caries-free teeth. The parent/guardian of each child signed a consent form and filled out a questionnaire regarding the oral and systemic health of his/her child. A clinical examination to diagnose the presence or absence of dental caries, by means of the DMFT index, was conducted. A total of 1 mL of saliva was collected for protein analysis using a polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Results: A total of 58.8% of the children were caries-inactive; in contrast, 63.3% showed caries experience. There was a slight association between lysozyme concentrations and DMFT. Lactoferrin was positively correlated with both DMFT and restored teeth. Conclusion: The quantification of lactoferrin and lysozyme enabled an assessment of possible associations with caries status, thus improving the understanding of the biological and etiological aspects of caries.

Objetivo: A saliva contém fatores de defesa adquiridos e não adquiridos, como proteínas antimicrobianas capazes de inibir a aderência e a viabilidade dos microrganismos cariogênicos. Avaliou-se a associação entre a experiência/atividade de cárie e o perfil eletroforético das proteínas salivares lactoferrina e lisozima.Metodologia: Oitenta escolares aos 12 anos de idade da Rede Estadual de Ensino de Londrina, PR, Brasil, foram divididos em dois grupos: Grupo A – com cárie e Grupo B – sem cárie. Os responsáveis legais assinaram um termo de consentimento informado, e responderam um questionário sobre a saúde bucal e sistêmica das crianças. Foi realizado exame clínico, para diagnosticar a presença ou ausência de cárie através do Índice CPO-D e coletado 1 mLde saliva para análise das proteínas por meio da eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida (SDS-PAGE).Resultados: Observou-se que 58,8% das crianças eram cárie-inativas, apesar de 63,3% possuírem experiência de cárie. Houve uma tendência de associação entre a concentração de lisozima com o CPO-D. A proteína lactoferrina correlacionou-se positivamente com CPO-D e dentes restaurados.Conclusão: A quantificação destas proteínas permitiu observar possível associação com a cárie, favorecendo uma melhor compreensão do aspecto biológico e etiológico da doença.